What are regulations on imposition of penalties for violations of environmental protection in Vietnam?

According to Article 161 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 (Effective from 01/01/2022), regulations on imposition of penalties for violations in Vietnam, specifically:

1. Any entity violating the law on environmental protection resulting in environmental pollution or degradation or environmental emergency or damage to the State shall remediate the pollution and environment, provide compensation for damage and incur penalties in accordance with regulations of this Law and other relevant regulations of law.

2. Any head of an agency, cadre, public official, public employee or personnel in charge of environmental protection that abuses his/her position and powers to harass organizations and individuals or to screen violators of the law on environmental protection or that causes environmental pollution or emergency as a result of his/her negligence shall incur disciplinary penalties, administrative penalties or criminal prosecution on a case-by-case basis and compensate for any damage he/she causes.

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